The larynx is an organ in the neck shaped like a tube and houses the vocal cords. Measuring approximately 5 cm (2 inches) in length, it is a part of the respiratory system, situated between the pharynx and the trachea. The larynx is essential for breathing, speaking, and swallowing. Its outer structure forms the front part of the neck, commonly known as the Adam’s apple. Inside the larynx, the vocal cords—two muscular bands—create a V shape. During inhalation, air enters through the nose or mouth, passes through the larynx, travels down the trachea, and reaches the lungs. When exhaling, the process reverses. While breathing, the vocal cords remain relaxed, allowing air to flow silently through them. However, for speech, they become tense and draw closer together, and air from the lungs passes through them, causing them to vibrate and produce sound. The openings of the pharynx and the larynx are situated very near each other in the throat. During swallowing, a flap called the epiglottis covers the larynx to prevent food from entering the windpipe. This organ is also known as the voice box.
