Herpes is a group of viruses that includes several human herpesviruses, with herpes simplex types 1 and 2 being particularly notable. Human herpesvirus 1 (HHV-1) is responsible for cold sores and fever blisters that appear in and around the mouth. Meanwhile, herpes simplex type 2, also referred to as human herpesvirus 2 (HHV-2), leads to genital herpes, a sexually transmitted disease characterized by sores in the genital region. Both types of herpes simplex viruses can lead to systemic issues, such as brain infections (encephalitis), especially in individuals with weakened immune systems. Treatment generally involves the use of topical or oral antiviral medications, though intravenous therapy is necessary for managing brain infections.
