Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder that leads to muscle fatigue and weakness. This occurs when the body erroneously targets nicotinic receptors (AChR), which are located at the junctions between muscles and nerves. The immune system produces antibodies that attack these receptors, hindering the transmission of signals to the muscles. The role of anti-AChR antibodies in causing MG is evident from their impact on unborn and newborn children.During Pregnancy: In pregnant women with myasthenia, these antibodies can cross the placenta and interfere with the fetal version of AChR, potentially leading to fetal complications and even death. Babies who survive may suffer from arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, a condition involving nonprogressive joint contractures, due to limited fetal muscle movement before birth. Approximately 10-15% of infants born to mothers with MG exhibit temporary symptoms of the disorder. However, these issues can often be avoided if the mother receives effective treatment during pregnancy.Treatment: Although there is no cure for MG, around 90 percent of patients with the condition now survive. Various treatments, such as steroids, other medications, and cholinergic drugs, are available to help manage the symptoms.
