Iron deficiency anemia is a prevalent nutritional disorder caused by a lack of iron, which is essential for producing hemoglobin, the molecule that transports oxygen. In this condition, red blood cells appear abnormal, being unusually small (microcytic) and pale (hypochromic), due to their low hemoglobin levels. Iron deficiency anemia affects people of all ages and races. In children, it can lead to developmental delays, behavioral issues, stunted growth, and a higher risk of infections.This condition is a significant concern in developed countries like the US, Canada, the UK, and Europe. In developing nations, the problem is often worsened by malnutrition and parasitic infections. To treat iron deficiency anemia in both children and adults, increasing iron intake through iron-rich foods is essential. Good sources of iron include meat, poultry, eggs, vegetables, and cereals, particularly those fortified with iron. The National Academy of Sciences recommends a daily iron intake of 15 milligrams for women and 10 milligrams for men. Iron supplements should only be given to children if prescribed by a doctor.One cause of iron deficiency anemia is an infection with the ulcer-causing bacteria Helicobacter pylori, which irritates the stomach lining and leads to ulcers. Successfully treating this infection can help resolve iron deficiency anemia. Additionally, blood loss from any part of the body, sometimes linked to cancer, can also lead to iron deficiency.
