B virus:This infectious agent is commonly present in various macaque species, such as rhesus, pig-tailed, and cynomolgus macaques. Infected monkeys generally exhibit no symptoms or only mild ones. However, when the virus infects humans, it can lead to a deadly encephalomyelitis. Although B virus infections in humans are extremely rare, they are often fatal, with about 80% of untreated individuals succumbing to complications. Those most at risk include veterinarians, laboratory personnel, and anyone who frequently interacts with Old World macaques or monkey cell cultures. The virus is usually transmitted through animal bites, scratches, or contact with the tissues or bodily fluids of macaques. It is also referred to as Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1.
