The ankle is a complex joint, consisting of two primary joints: the true ankle joint and the subtalar joint. The true ankle joint is formed by three bones: the tibia, which constitutes the inner part of the ankle; the fibula, which forms the outer part; and the talus, which sits below them. This joint allows the foot to move up and down. Below the true ankle joint is the subtalar joint, composed of the talus on top and the calcaneus beneath. This joint enables the foot to move side to side.The ends of the bones in the ankle joints are covered with cartilage. The main ligaments in the ankle include the tibiofibular ligament, which connects the tibia to the fibula; the lateral ligaments, which attach the fibula to the calcaneus to stabilize the outer ankle; and the medial ligaments, which connect the tibia to the talus and calcaneus, providing stability to the inner ankle.In medical terms, the ankle is where the leg meets the foot, specifically involving the tibia, fibula, and talus. However, in everyday language, the ankle often refers to the joint itself plus the surrounding area, including the lower leg and the beginning of the foot's flat section.
