Alopecia areata is a condition that usually starts with sudden hair loss in specific patches on the scalp. It can potentially lead to total baldness and even the loss of body hair. A key diagnostic feature is the presence of short, broken hairs known as 'exclamation point' hairs. This condition affects both men and women, with children and young adults being the most commonly impacted. It appears to be triggered by an autoimmune response, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks hair follicles, hindering normal hair growth. Alopecia areata is sometimes linked to allergic disorders, thyroid disease, vitiligo, and other health issues. In some cases, the condition may be inherited. Hair can occasionally regrow within a year without any treatment, but the longer the hair loss persists, the lower the chances of regrowth.
