Fatty acids are long-chain molecules of carboxylic acid, which are present in fats, oils, and cell membranes as part of phospholipids and glycolipids. Carboxylic acid is an organic compound with the -COOH functional group. These acids originate from both animal and vegetable fats and oils. Beyond their biological roles, fatty acids are utilized externally as lubricants, in culinary and food production processes, and in making soaps, detergents, and cosmetics.Important related terms include:- Essential fatty acid: A type of polyunsaturated fatty acid vital for human health, which cannot be produced by the body and must be obtained through diet. These acids are primarily synthesized by plants.- Free fatty acids: These are by-products resulting from the breakdown of fat within tissues.- Omega-3 fatty acids: Found abundantly in fish oils, particularly from salmon and other cold-water fish, these fatty acids help reduce blood levels of cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins (LDL), often referred to as "bad" cholesterol.- Trans fatty acids: Created through the hydrogenation process to solidify liquid oils, trans fats enhance the shelf life of oils. They are found in products like vegetable shortenings, some margarines, crackers, cookies, and snacks. Consuming trans fats raises LDL cholesterol levels and increases the risk of coronary diseases.
