Red Eye:Also known as conjunctival redness or irritation, this condition affects the membranes lining the insides of the eyelids and covering the whites of the eyes. These membranes can become inflamed due to various bacteria, allergens, irritants, and toxic substances. Both viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are prevalent among individuals.A viral infection is the most common cause of pink eye. Typically, viral conjunctivitis leads to a watery discharge that is not green or yellow, often accompanied by cold-like symptoms. Swollen eyelids and sensitivity to bright lights may also occur. Although viral pink eye might not necessarily need treatment, a doctor's evaluation is essential, as it can sometimes be linked to a more serious infection of the cornea, the transparent front part of the eyeball. Proper diagnosis and treatment are crucial since viral pink eye spreads easily.Among the bacteria frequently causing pink eye are Staphylococcus, Pneumococcus, and Streptococcus. Symptoms include eye pain, swelling, redness, and a significant amount of yellow or greenish discharge, which often builds up after sleeping and can cause the eyelids to stick together. A warm washcloth may be needed to clean the eyes.Chlamydia, another bacterial cause of pink eye, is rare in the U.S. but common in Africa and the Middle East. It affects adults and newborns and can be sexually transmitted among teenagers and adults.Allergic conjunctivitis typically involves intense itching, tearing, and swelling of the eye membranes. It often results from seasonal pollens, animal dander, and dust, coinciding with other allergy symptoms like sneezing, an itchy nose, or a scratchy throat.Chemical conjunctivitis occurs when irritants, such as household cleaners, sprays, smoke, smog, and industrial pollutants, enter the eyes. Immediate and thorough rinsing with copious amounts of water is crucial.Chronic conjunctivitis might indicate an underlying systemic condition, often related to rheumatic diseases. It can also be associated with Kawasaki's disease, which affects infants and young children, and certain inflammatory bowel diseases.Bright red eyes can sometimes result from the rupture of tiny blood vessels on the whites of the eyes due to trauma or pressure changes within the head, such as after laughing forcefully, vomiting, diving, or bending upside down. This condition, known as subconjunctival hemorrhage, may look alarming but is typically harmless.
