The Food and Drug Administration, abbreviated as FDA, operates under the US Public Health Service, offering a variety of health-related services. The FDA is responsible for inspecting food and food-processing facilities to guarantee safety and quality, evaluating food and medications for animals, and ensuring cosmetics are safe for use. The agency also oversees the safety of the nation's blood supply, ensures the efficacy and safety of medications, medical devices, and biological products, and tests radiation-emitting devices like microwave ovens to safeguard public health. Additionally, the FDA manages health and safety labeling for these products. Any new prescription or over-the-counter drugs must receive FDA approval, which involves verifying that the drug provides its intended benefits without causing side effects that outweigh these benefits. This determination is made by reviewing clinical trial results conducted outside the FDA. If significant adverse effects are reported, the FDA can require the manufacturer to modify the drug, update safety labeling or marketing practices, or withdraw the drug from the market.
