The eye is the organ responsible for vision and consists of various parts. Among these are the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, retina, macula, optic nerve, and choroid. The cornea acts as the transparent front window of the eye, allowing light to enter and focusing it inside. The iris, which is the colored section of the eye, controls the amount of light that enters. The pupil, a dark opening in the iris, adjusts to regulate light intake. Inside the eye, the lens focuses light onto the retina, a layer of nerves at the back of the eye that detects light and generates impulses. These impulses travel through the optic nerve to reach the brain. The macula, a small region of the retina, contains specialized light-sensitive cells for sharp detail vision. The optic nerve connects the eye to the brain, transmitting visual information to the brain's visual cortex. The choroid, located between the sclera and the retina, provides blood supply to the retina and carries arteries and nerves to other eye structures. The vitreous humor is a clear, gel-like substance filling the eye's center. The term "eye" originates from the Teutonic word "auge."
