Category five hurricanes are characterized by winds exceeding 155 mph (135 knots or 249 km/h). They typically cause storm surges over 18 feet above normal levels, leading to the complete destruction of roofs on many homes and industrial buildings. Some smaller utility structures may be entirely destroyed, and all shrubs, trees, and signs are usually blown down. Mobile homes face total devastation, with severe damage to windows and doors. Rising waters can cut off low-lying escape routes 3 to 5 hours before the hurricane's eye makes landfall. Buildings located less than 15 feet above sea level and within 500 yards of the coast suffer major damage to their lower floors. Large-scale evacuations may be necessary for residential areas on low ground within 5 to 10 miles (8 to 16 km) of the coast.Hurricanes are measured on a scale from 1 to 5, which reflects their intensity. This scale helps predict potential property damage and coastal flooding when a hurricane strikes land. The primary criterion for this scale is wind speed, as storm surge levels vary significantly based on the slope of the continental shelf where the hurricane hits. For more information, refer to the Saffir-Simpson hurricane scale.