Shark attacks occur when a person is bitten by a shark, but these incidents aren't always about feeding. Sharks might mistakenly bite humans or act defensively to protect their territory, similar to how a dog might bark or bite at an intruder.To reduce the risk of encountering a shark:- Swim in groups, as sharks tend to target solitary swimmers.- Stay close to the shore to avoid isolation and ensure you're within reach of help.- Avoid swimming during the night, dawn, or dusk when sharks are most active and have an advantage in detecting you.- If you’re bleeding, do not enter the water; sharks can detect blood and trace it back to its origin.- Refrain from wearing shiny jewelry, as the reflections can mimic fish scales and attract sharks.- Steer clear of waters with sewage, which draws bait fish and, in turn, sharks.- Avoid areas where fishing is taking place or where there are many bait fish, often indicated by diving seabirds.- Exit the water immediately if you spot any sharks.- Avoid wearing contrasting swimwear or having an uneven tan, as sharks are adept at detecting contrast, especially in murky water.- Minimize splashing and keep pets out of the water, as erratic movements can lure sharks.- Be cautious around sandbars and steep drop-offs, as these are popular shark habitats.- Don't assume porpoises mean safety; their presence doesn't guarantee the absence of sharks, as both often share food sources.- Never attempt to touch a shark if one is nearby!If you are attacked by a shark, the rule of thumb is to do whatever is necessary to escape.Provoked attacks occur when humans initiate contact with sharks, such as by unhooking them from fishing lines or removing them from nets. Recently, divers have been attacked after grabbing or feeding sharks underwater.Unprovoked attacks happen when the shark initiates contact, and they come in three forms:1. Hit-and-run attacks occur near beaches where sharks hunt for fish. In turbulent surf and murky water, sharks may mistake human movements for prey, take a bite, and then quickly leave. Such attacks usually result in minor injuries and rarely lead to fatalities.2. Sneak attacks happen in deeper waters without any warning, often resulting in severe injury or death if the shark continues to attack.3. Bump-and-bite attacks involve a shark circling and bumping the victim before biting. Like sneak attacks, these can lead to serious injury or death if the shark repeatedly attacks.
