Orthostatic hypotension is a condition characterized by a decrease in blood pressure resulting from a change in body position, such as moving from sitting to standing or from lying down to sitting or standing. This condition is more frequently observed in older adults. The shift in posture causes a temporary decrease in blood flow to the brain, leading to a shortage of oxygen. This can result in dizziness and, in some cases, a brief loss of consciousness or "blackout" episode.To diagnose orthostatic hypotension, a tilt-table test may be conducted. During this test, the patient is placed on a table equipped with foot support, which is gradually tilted to different angles. Blood pressure and symptoms are monitored in various positions to confirm the condition.Typically, no specific treatment is necessary for orthostatic hypotension. If an individual experiences fainting due to this condition, they will usually regain consciousness by simply sitting or lying down. It is recommended that individuals with this condition exercise caution and take their time when transitioning from lying to sitting to standing. This gradual approach allows the body to adjust to the new posture and gives the nerves in the legs time to adapt, particularly in older individuals. Orthostatic hypotension is also known as postural hypotension.
