Cerebral palsy is a disorder affecting motor skills, which involves the ability to move and control movements. It typically becomes apparent before the age of one and is caused by a non-progressive brain condition. Known as CP, it often results from developmental issues in the fetus, such as brain development accidents, genetic disorders, problems with blood vessels, or brain infections. Occasionally, difficult childbirth can lead to brain damage and subsequent CP. CP manifests in three types: spastic, choreoathetoid, and hypotonic (flaccid). Spastic CP is characterized by stiff muscle tone, causing one or more limbs to remain rigid. Choreoathetoid CP involves involuntary, writhing movements of the limbs. A child with hypotonic CP may appear limp, like a rag doll. Treatment options include casting and braces to prevent further limb dysfunction, speech therapy, physical and occupational therapy, augmentative communication devices, and medications or botulinum toxin (Botox) injections to alleviate symptoms.
